Identification

Fluorite Identification Sheet

The mineral that gave fluorescence its name — and comes in nearly every color imaginable.

For: Collectors, Lapidary Artists

Mohs hardness 4
Streak White
Luster Vitreous
CleavageOctahedral, perfect — produces eight-faced cleavage fragments; distinctive and diagnostic
Crystal habit Cubic, Octahedral, Nodular, Botryoidal, Massive Well-formed cubic or octahedral crystals; also nodular, botryoidal, massive; frequently color-zoned

Fluorite (calcium fluoride) is one of the most coveted collector minerals for good reason: the color variety is extraordinary — purple, blue, green, yellow, pink, colorless, and banded combinations of all of them. Its defining field test is octahedral cleavage: a broken piece naturally produces eight-sided fragments, unique among common minerals. Many specimens glow blue or purple under shortwave UV light, but fluorescence varies so much by locality that a UV lamp alone is not a reliable field ID tool. Hardness 4 means a steel knife scratches it easily.

The mineral that named the glow

Fluorescence is named for fluorite, whose blue-violet response under ultraviolet light was described long before anyone could explain it. Not every fluorite fluoresces — activator impurities do the work — so a dark lamp test is corroboration, never the whole identification. Octahedral cleavage and hardness 4 remain the dependable cues in daylight.

Related in the library

Common lookalikes

Calcite (softer at 3, rhombohedral cleavage, effervesces); quartz (harder at 7, no octahedral cleavage); topaz (harder, different system). Test: can a penny scratch it? If yes, it's not quartz.