Identification

Galena Identification Sheet

The primary lead ore: soft, very heavy, bright lead-grey metallic, with perfect cubic cleavage.

Rock type: Hydrothermal

For: Collectors, Students

Mohs hardness 2, 3 2.5
Streak Lead-grey, Black Lead-grey to black
Luster Metallic
CleavagePerfect cubic (three directions at 90°)
Crystal habit Cubic, Octahedral, Granular, Massive Cubes, octahedra, and cubo-octahedra; also granular and massive

Galena (lead sulfide) is easy to recognize by its bright lead-grey metallic luster, perfect cubic cleavage in three directions at right angles, low hardness, and notably high specific gravity. Its grey-black streak and weight are diagnostic.

Field identification workflow

  1. Weigh it in your hand: galena's density is the first thing everyone notices and the last thing lookalikes can fake.
  2. Break a corner (goggles on): perfect cubic cleavage into bright, right-angled steps.
  3. Streak lead-grey — darker and flatter than sphalerite's pale surprise.
  4. Wash your hands afterward; it is a lead mineral and the sheet means that literally, not legalistically.

Related in the library

Common lookalikes

Stibnite (bladed), molybdenite (greasy, very soft), hematite (red streak). Galena's heft and cubic cleavage stand out.